This panel quantifies the primary gingerol compounds found in ginger root: 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, and 10-gingerol. Using HPLC, it measures each compound individually and calculates total gingerols to support standardization in functional foods, herbal extracts, and digestive health supplements.

Samples are extracted with alcohol-based solvents under temperature- and light-controlled conditions. The extract is analyzed by HPLC with UV detection at a compound-specific wavelength. Quantification is performed using certified gingerol standards, with internal standard correction and duplicate injections for precision.

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving for each compound and total gingerols. Values are compared to formulation targets and label claims to verify potency, support consistency, and detect degradation or variability in botanical source material.

This test confirms the botanical identity of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in raw materials and finished products using High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). HPTLC produces a characteristic chromatographic fingerprint based on ginger's bioactive gingerol and shogaol compounds, which is compared against a certified Zingiber officinale reference standard to confirm species authenticity and detect substitution or adulteration. Results are reported as confirmed identity or non-conforming.

A representative sample is extracted using methanol or ethanol and applied alongside a certified ginger reference standard onto an HPTLC silica gel plate using an automated applicator. The plate is developed in a validated solvent system, dried, and derivatized with a detection reagent such as anisaldehyde-sulfuric acid or vanillin-sulfuric acid to visualize the characteristic gingerol and shogaol marker bands. The resulting fingerprint is compared visually and by densitometric scanning to the reference standard pattern. Identity is confirmed when the sample fingerprint matches the reference in terms of Rf values, band positions, and color profile, per established HPTLC botanical identity methods.

Ginger is a high-volume botanical ingredient subject to adulteration with related Zingiberaceae species or dilution with non-botanical fillers. HPTLC identity testing provides a rapid, cost-effective, and scientifically defensible confirmation of botanical species, supporting supplier qualification, label accuracy, and compliance with cGMP identity testing requirements under 21 CFR 111.

This assay quantifies eight major ginsenosides — the primary bioactive saponins responsible for the adaptogenic, cognitive, and immune-supporting properties attributed to ginseng — using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Ginsenosides are dammarane-type triterpene saponins found in the roots, stems, and leaves of Panax ginseng and related species such as Panax quinquefolius (American ginseng), and their relative proportions vary meaningfully by species, growing region, and root age, making ingredient-level verification important for accurate label claims. Results are reported in mg/g for each of the eight target ginsenosides.

A representative sample is weighed and extracted with an aqueous methanol or ethanol solvent system, typically with sonication or reflux, to solubilize the polar ginsenoside saponins. The extract is cleaned up and separated by reversed-phase liquid chromatography, then detected by tandem mass spectrometry using compound-specific multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions for each of the eight target ginsenosides. Analyte concentrations are calculated against calibration curves built from certified reference standards, with system suitability checks, replicate injections, and spike-recovery QC confirming method accuracy.

Ginsenosides share a common dammarane triterpene backbone and differ only in subtle sugar-group substitutions, making them difficult to resolve from one another and easy to obscure through dilution with lower-value ginseng extracts or fillers. LC-MS/MS provides the chromatographic separation and mass-based selectivity needed to accurately identify and quantify each ginsenoside individually, supporting label-claim substantiation under 21 CFR 111 dietary supplement cGMP requirements.

This panel quantitatively analyzes eight major ginsenosides—Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, and Rg2—in Panax ginseng extracts, powders, and supplements. Using LC‑MS/MS, it provides detailed profiling for quality control, authenticity verification, and label compliance in adaptogenic and longevity-focused formulations.

Samples are extracted using methanol–water solvent under controlled conditions. The extract is analyzed by LC‑MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions optimized for each ginsenoside. Quantification uses certified reference standards and internal standard correction, with duplicate injections ensuring precision. Calibration spans ~0.5–200 ng/mL for each analyte

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving for each compound and total ginsenosides. Values are compared to botanical standardization targets and label claims to confirm extract potency, detect adulteration, and ensure consistency across batches.

This assay quantifies glucosamine, a key structural compound used in joint support supplements, typically in the form of glucosamine sulfate or glucosamine HCl. Using LC-MS/MS, it confirms active content in capsules, tablets, and powders to support label accuracy and formulation consistency.

Samples are extracted in aqueous solution and analyzed by LC-MS/MS using compound-specific mass transitions. Quantification is performed using certified glucosamine standards, with internal standard correction and duplicate injections to ensure precision.

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving. Values are compared to label claims and formulation targets to confirm proper dosing and detect possible degradation or underformulation.

This assay quantifies reduced glutathione (GSH), the bioactive form of glutathione, in oral supplements including standard capsules, powders, and liposomal products. Using HPLC, it verifies glutathione potency and ensures that the compound is present in its reduced, effective form—critical for products marketed for detoxification, oxidative stress, and skin health.

Samples are extracted under light- and oxygen-protected conditions to prevent oxidation. The extract is analyzed by HPLC with detection at a compound-specific wavelength. Quantification is performed using high-purity reduced glutathione standards, with internal standard correction and duplicate injections to ensure accuracy.

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving. Values are compared with formulation targets and label claims. Testing confirms glutathione stability and bioactive content, and helps validate antioxidant and detox claims while detecting potential degradation or oxidation over time.

This assay detects gluten proteins derived from wheat, barley, or rye in food products. It is critical for confirming that products labeled as gluten-free contain only trace levels of gluten. The method is designed to work with processed foods, ensuring that denatured gluten proteins are still detectable.

Samples are extracted with a specialized buffer that releases gluten proteins from the matrix. The extract is added to ELISA plates coated with antibodies against gluten epitopes. Following incubation and washing, a secondary enzyme-linked antibody is added and a color reaction is developed. Absorbance readings are compared to a standard curve, with duplicate analyses and controls ensuring consistency.

Gluten content is reported in ppm. Values below the established threshold (commonly 20 ppm) confirm gluten-free status, while any level above this may indicate contamination and require corrective measures. The results help verify allergen control and labeling accuracy.

This test quantifies glycerol (glycerin) — a naturally occurring trihydroxy sugar alcohol used as a humectant, solvent, and functional ingredient in food, dietary supplement, and sports nutrition applications — in raw materials and finished products using Liquid Chromatography coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Glycerol is increasingly used as a hyperhydration agent in endurance sports nutrition products, and accurate quantification is important for label claim verification and for confirming that the declared amount of this functional ingredient is present. LC-MS/MS provides the sensitivity and specificity needed to quantify glycerol accurately in complex matrices where other polyols and carbohydrates may be present. Results are reported as a percentage or in milligrams per gram or per serving.

A representative sample is accurately weighed and dissolved in an appropriate aqueous solvent. An isotopically labeled internal standard (e.g., ¹³C-labeled glycerol) is added prior to sample preparation to correct for matrix effects and recovery variability. The extract is filtered and analyzed by reversed-phase or HILIC LC-MS/MS, with detection by electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive or negative ion mode using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions specific to glycerol. Quantification is performed against a multi-point external calibration curve prepared from a certified glycerol reference standard. Quality control samples at multiple concentration levels are run concurrently to confirm method accuracy, precision, and linearity throughout the analytical run.

Glycerol is a small, highly polar molecule that presents chromatographic challenges for standard reversed-phase HPLC methods due to its poor retention on non-polar stationary phases. LC-MS/MS with MRM detection provides the compound-specific selectivity and sensitivity needed to accurately quantify glycerol in complex food and supplement matrices without the need for derivatization, distinguishing it from co-occurring polyols such as sorbitol, mannitol, and propylene glycol. This level of analytical specificity supports label claim accuracy, raw material qualification, and cGMP compliance under 21 CFR 111.

This assay detects and quantifies glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA in food products. These compounds are herbicide residues that may result from agricultural practices. The method uses LC‑MS/MS to achieve high sensitivity in complex matrices, ensuring that even low levels are accurately measured.

Samples are prepared using an extraction method optimized for glyphosate and AMPA, often involving acid digestion. The extract is cleaned up using solid-phase extraction and analyzed by LC‑MS/MS, where separation and detection are based on specific mass transitions. Calibration with standards and rigorous QC steps ensure accurate and reproducible measurements.

Results are reported in ppb. Lower levels indicate minimal residue presence, while higher levels may necessitate further investigation or process changes. The quantitative data support risk assessments and help ensure that products remain within safe residue limits.

This assay measures characteristic grape seed marker compounds using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Analysis typically targets proanthocyanidins (OPCs) and related polyphenols to confirm ingredient identity and standardized active content.

Samples are extracted and analyzed under validated LC-MS/MS chromatographic conditions. Target grape seed markers are detected using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) and quantified against certified reference standards. Internal calibration and quality control checks ensure accuracy and reproducibility.

Testing verifies authenticity, supports label claims (e.g., OPC content), and ensures batch-to-batch consistency in grape seed–based formulations.

This assay measures characteristic green tea marker compounds using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Analysis typically targets catechins and related polyphenols to confirm ingredient identity and standardized active content.

Samples are extracted and analyzed under validated LC-MS/MS chromatographic conditions. Target green tea markers are detected using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) and quantified against certified reference standards. Internal calibration and quality controls ensure accuracy and reproducibility.

Testing verifies authenticity, supports label claims, and ensures batch-to-batch consistency in green tea–based formulations.

This assay determines total hardness, which reflects the combined concentration of calcium and magnesium salts in a sample. Hardness impacts taste, stability, and suitability for use in formulations or as process water.

Samples are analyzed for calcium and magnesium content, and results are expressed as total hardness. Quality controls and reference standards are used to confirm accuracy and reproducibility.

Results are typically reported in mg/L as calcium carbonate (CaCO₃). Monitoring hardness ensures compliance with water quality standards, protects equipment from scaling, and maintains consistent product quality.

This assay detects and quantifies hazelnut protein using a validated ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). It confirms the presence or absence of hazelnut contamination in raw materials, finished products, and manufacturing environments, ensuring compliance with allergen labeling regulations and protecting consumers with tree nut allergies.

Samples are extracted and tested using a hazelnut-specific sandwich ELISA. The method uses antibody-based detection with colorimetric readout and compares results against a calibrated standard curve. Duplicate wells and positive/negative controls ensure accuracy and reproducibility.

Results are reported in ppm (mg/kg) of hazelnut protein. The method can detect trace levels, typically down to 1–5 ppm depending on the matrix, making it suitable for verifying “nut-free” claims or identifying cross-contact.

This assay quantifies residual oxygen and carbon dioxide in the headspace of packaged products. O₂ and CO₂ levels provide critical information about product freshness, microbial stability, and packaging effectiveness.

Packaged samples are analyzed for headspace gas composition under controlled conditions. Oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations are measured directly using validated gas analysis instrumentation.

Results are reported in % O₂ and % CO₂ by volume. Monitoring headspace gases ensures packaging performance, confirms modified atmosphere or nitrogen flushing effectiveness, and helps predict shelf-life stability.

This assay quantifies heavy metals—such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic—in food samples. It is designed to deliver precise measurements of these contaminants, which are monitored due to their potential toxicity. The robust method employs advanced instrumentation to detect trace levels in complex matrices.

Food samples undergo acid digestion to break down the matrix and release bound metals. The resulting solution is analyzed by an instrument (commonly ICP-MS) that separates and quantifies the metals based on their mass. Calibration with certified reference materials and inclusion of quality control samples ensure accuracy before final reporting.

Results are delivered as concentration values (ppb). Lower values are preferred, and any significant increase may prompt further investigation. The data allow manufacturers to assess overall product safety and track contaminant trends across batches.

This test quantifies hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside and the predominant bioactive polyphenol found in citrus peel and citrus-derived extracts, in dietary supplements and raw materials using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with UV detection (HPLC-UV). Hesperidin is widely used in supplements for its studied effects on vascular integrity, circulation, and antioxidant activity, and its concentration serves as the primary potency and standardization marker for citrus bioflavonoid ingredients. Results are reported in mg per serving or as a percentage of extract weight to support label claim verification and cGMP compliance.

A representative sample is weighed and extracted using a methanol or ethanol-water solvent system with sonication or heating to ensure complete solubilization of hesperidin from the matrix. The extract is filtered, diluted to volume, and injected onto a reversed-phase C18 HPLC column. Detection is performed by UV at approximately 280–284 nm, and quantification is performed against a multi-point external calibration curve prepared from a certified hesperidin reference standard. System suitability and QC samples are run concurrently to confirm method accuracy and reproducibility across the analytical run.

Hesperidin is the primary bioactive marker used to define the potency of citrus bioflavonoid extracts, and accurate quantification is essential for verifying standardization levels and substantiating label claims. HPLC-UV provides the selectivity needed to resolve hesperidin from structurally related flavonoids — including narirutin, naringenin, and diosmin — that are commonly co-present in citrus extracts, ensuring reliable potency data for both raw material qualification and finished product release testing.

This test quantifies Huperzine A, a bioactive alkaloid, in raw materials, capsules, and finished products using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Accurate measurement of Huperzine A ensures product quality and label accuracy. The method achieves detection limits suitable for trace-level quantification, typically reported in mg/g or ppm.

Samples are prepared by solvent extraction using methanol to isolate Huperzine A from the matrix. The extract is filtered and injected into an HPLC system equipped with a reversed-phase C18 column. Detection is performed using UV absorbance at 310 nm, where Huperzine A exhibits strong absorption. Quantification is achieved by comparing peak areas to a calibration curve constructed from certified Huperzine A reference standards. Method accuracy is verified through duplicate injections, spiked recovery tests, and inclusion of quality control samples.

Results are reported in µg/g (raw material) or µg/serving (finished products). Testing verifies standardized potency, ensures raw material authenticity, and supports product quality and consistency.

This assay quantifies hyaluronic acid (HA), a polysaccharide naturally present in connective tissues and widely used for hydration, elasticity, and joint health applications. Testing ensures ingredient authenticity and confirms standardized HA content in raw materials and finished products.

Samples are analyzed under validated laboratory conditions to determine total hyaluronic acid concentration. Certified reference materials and quality controls are used to ensure accurate and reproducible results.

Results are reported in mg/g (raw materials) or mg/serving (finished products). Testing verifies label claims, supports product consistency, and confirms the purity and potency of sodium hyaluronate-containing formulations.

This assay quantifies hydroxyproline, a specific amino acid used as a marker for collagen content in food or tissue samples. Collagen plays a key role in the texture and nutritional profile of products like gelatin and meat, making its measurement vital for quality control and formulation verification.

Samples are hydrolyzed under controlled conditions to release hydroxyproline from collagen. The hydrolysate is filtered and injected into an HPLC system, where hydroxyproline is separated and detected (often via UV). Calibration with known standards and duplicate injections ensure that the method yields accurate and reproducible results.

Results are expressed in mg per unit weight. Higher hydroxyproline content indicates greater collagen presence, aligning with expected levels in products designed to be rich in collagen. Deviations can signal issues in raw material quality or processing efficiency.

This assay quantifies immunoglobulin A (IgA) using an ELISA specific for bovine or human IgA. It is commonly used in colostrum, dairy proteins, and immunonutrition products.

Samples are extracted and analyzed using a sandwich ELISA with IgA-specific antibodies. Results are determined against a certified standard curve with internal controls.

Results are reported in mg/g or mg per serving. Used to validate immune-related label claims and ingredient potency.

This assay quantifies Immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant antibody isotype, in colostrum powders, bovine plasma fractions, and immunonutrition products. Using HPLC, it verifies IgG concentration to ensure potency, standardization, and compliance with label claims for immune health products.

Samples are prepared in buffered aqueous solution and analyzed by HPLC using size-exclusion or affinity chromatography, with UV detection at a protein-specific wavelength. Quantification is performed using certified IgG reference standards, with internal standard correction and duplicate injections for precision.

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving. Values are compared to specification targets and label claims to confirm IgG content, detect dilution, and ensure immunological activity across batches.

This test quantifies Immunoglobulin G (IgG) — the most abundant immunoglobulin class in bovine colostrum, whey protein fractions, and immunoglobulin concentrate ingredients — in raw materials and dietary supplements using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). IgG is the primary bioactive marker used to standardize bovine colostrum and immunoglobulin-enriched dairy ingredients, and its concentration is directly associated with the immune-supporting activity of these products. Accurate IgG quantification is essential for verifying the potency of colostrum and immunoglobulin concentrate raw materials, confirming label claims, and ensuring batch-to-batch consistency of these high-value immune nutrition ingredients. Results are reported in milligrams per gram or as a percentage of total protein.

A representative sample is accurately weighed and dissolved or diluted in an appropriate assay buffer. The quantification of IgG is performed using a validated sandwich ELISA format: a microplate is coated with a capture antibody specific to bovine IgG, followed by incubation with diluted sample and reference standards. After washing to remove unbound proteins, a species- and isotype-specific enzyme-conjugated detection antibody (e.g., anti-bovine IgG horseradish peroxidase conjugate) is added, followed by a chromogenic substrate (e.g., TMB). Quantification is performed against a multi-point calibration curve prepared from a certified bovine IgG reference standard. Samples are analyzed in duplicate or triplicate, and results are calculated from the mean absorbance values.

ELISA is the method of choice for IgG quantification in colostrum and immunoglobulin-enriched dairy matrices due to its high specificity for the target immunoglobulin isotype, sensitivity at the low concentrations relevant to finished supplement products, and ability to distinguish IgG from other immunoglobulin classes (IgA, IgM) and co-occurring dairy proteins. Unlike total protein assays, ELISA provides a direct, antibody-mediated measurement of IgG specifically, ensuring that potency results reflect the immunologically active fraction rather than total protein content. This supports label claim substantiation, raw material qualification, and cGMP compliance under 21 CFR 111.

This test measures the concentration of immunoglobulin M (IgM), an important immune system protein, in dairy products and functional powders using a specific ELISA method. Accurate quantification of IgM helps ensure product quality and bioactivity. The assay provides results in micrograms per milliliter (µg/mL) with a detection limit suitable for low-level IgM detection in complex matrices.

Samples are prepared by extracting IgM into a buffered solution optimized for protein stability. The extract is analyzed using a sandwich ELISA, where monoclonal antibodies specific to IgM capture and detect the protein. Colorimetric detection is performed at 450 nm, and quantification is achieved via a calibration curve generated from known IgM standards. Each run includes duplicate sample measurements, quality control samples, and spike recovery tests to validate accuracy and precision.

Results are reported in mg/g or per serving. This confirms the presence of immune-active fractions in colostrum and dairy products.

This assay quantifies inorganic arsenic, a toxic heavy metal that can contaminate food through water, soil, or processing. Chronic exposure is linked to serious health effects. The assay uses ICP-MS to differentiate inorganic arsenic from total arsenic, ensuring precise monitoring. The validated method includes digestion and selective extraction to isolate inorganic species from complex matrices such as grains, seaweed, or juices.

Samples are digested with acid and subjected to a selective extraction process to isolate inorganic arsenic species. The extract is then analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), which provides high sensitivity and specificity. Certified reference materials and calibration standards are used to ensure accuracy, while internal standards and method blanks support quality control and reproducibility.

Results are reported in µg/kg (ppb). Lower values indicate minimal contamination, while elevated levels may trigger regulatory review or product reformulation. Results are compared against safety limits (e.g., FDA, EU, Codex). Batch-level trends or exceedances can highlight sourcing or processing issues that need correction.