This assay screens for a broad spectrum of pesticide residues in food products to support international trade compliance. It uses both LC‑MS/MS and GC‑MS/MS to detect a wide range of pesticide classes, ensuring that the product meets safety standards for export and import.

Samples are extracted using a multi-residue extraction procedure, then cleaned up to reduce matrix interferences. The extract is split for analysis by LC‑MS/MS (for polar pesticides) and GC‑MS/MS (for nonpolar compounds). Calibration is done with multi-residue standards, and quality control samples (including matrix spikes and replicates) verify the method’s performance.

Results are provided in ppb for each detected pesticide residue. Non‑detectable or very low levels indicate compliance with international safety expectations, while higher residues may restrict market access or require corrective actions.

This test screens for and quantifies pesticide residues — including organochlorine, organophosphate, pyrethroid, carbamate, and other agrochemical classes — in botanical raw materials, herbal extracts, and dietary supplements in accordance with USP General Chapter <561> (Articles of Botanical Origin). Pesticide contamination in botanical ingredients is a recognized quality and safety concern arising from agricultural practices, and compliance with established pesticide residue limits is required for botanical dietary supplements marketed in the United States and internationally. USP <561> specifies acceptable limits for a defined list of pesticide residues in articles of botanical origin and references analytical methodologies consistent with internationally harmonized approaches. Results are reported in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) or parts per million (ppm) for each pesticide detected, with findings compared against applicable USP <561> or regulatory action limits.

A representative sample is accurately weighed and subjected to a validated multi-residue extraction procedure, typically employing the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) method or an equivalent solvent extraction approach, followed by dispersive solid-phase extraction (dSPE) cleanup to remove co-extracted matrix interferences such as pigments, waxes, and lipids. The cleaned extract is analyzed by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) for volatile and semi-volatile pesticides (organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids) and by Liquid Chromatography coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for polar and thermally labile pesticide classes (carbamates, neonicotinoids, systemic fungicides). Quantification is performed against matrix-matched multi-point calibration curves prepared from certified pesticide reference standards, with isotopically labeled internal standards used to correct for matrix effects and recovery variability. All results are compared against the pesticide residue limits specified in USP <561> and applicable regulatory guidelines.

Botanical ingredients are inherently susceptible to pesticide contamination due to their agricultural origin, and multi-residue pesticide screening is a critical component of botanical raw material qualification. USP <561> provides a harmonized, pharmacopeially recognized framework for pesticide residue testing of botanical articles, establishing specific limits for a broad range of agrochemicals relevant to botanical supply chains. The combination of GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS ensures comprehensive coverage of the full spectrum of pesticide classes, as no single analytical technique can adequately detect all relevant residues. This approach supports consumer safety, regulatory compliance, and cGMP requirements under 21 CFR 111.

This assay quantifies per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in food products. PFAS are persistent chemicals known for their bioaccumulative potential and health risks. The method employs advanced LC‑MS/MS technology to detect very low levels of multiple PFAS compounds, ensuring sensitive and reliable measurement.

The sample is extracted using acid-assisted methods to release PFAS from the matrix, followed by cleanup to remove interfering substances. The extract is analyzed by LC‑MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring for various PFAS compounds. Calibration with PFAS standards and rigorous quality control (including blank and spike recoveries) ensure data integrity.

Results are reported in ng/kg or µg/kg. Lower levels indicate minimal contamination, while any measurable level is significant given the persistence of PFAS. The data are used to assess consumer exposure and guide product safety decisions.

This assay measures the pH level of food, supplement, or cosmetic products to assess acidity or alkalinity. pH is a critical parameter for product stability, microbial safety, and regulatory compliance. It helps guide formulation adjustments and supports claims related to digestive health, skin compatibility, and shelf life.

Samples are homogenized and diluted (if required) according to matrix-specific protocols. pH is measured using a calibrated glass electrode and pH meter, compliant with standardized methods (e.g., AOAC, USP). Routine calibration is performed using certified buffer solutions (pH 4.0, 7.0, and 10.0), and measurements are conducted in duplicate to ensure precision and consistency.

Results are reported as unitless pH values, typically to two decimal places (e.g., 4.75). These values indicate the product’s acidity or alkalinity and are assessed against specification ranges for quality control, formulation integrity, and compliance. Deviations from expected pH may signal contamination, formulation drift, or stability issues that require corrective action.

This test quantifies phosphatidylcholine (PC), an essential phospholipid found in lecithin and cell membranes, using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). It is applicable to raw materials, finished products, capsules, and powders, providing precise measurement of PC content to ensure product quality and label accuracy. The method achieves detection limits suitable for trace-level quantification, with results reported in mg/g or percentage of total lipid content.

Samples are prepared by extracting lipids using a chloroform-methanol solvent mixture (2:1 v/v) followed by phase separation to isolate the lipid fraction. The extracted lipids are then injected into an HPLC system equipped with a C18 reverse-phase column. Phosphatidylcholine is detected using evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) to enhance sensitivity for non-UV absorbing lipids. Quantification is performed by comparing peak areas to a calibration curve constructed from certified phosphatidylcholine reference standards. Method accuracy is verified through duplicate injections, inclusion of quality control samples, and spike recovery tests to confirm extraction efficiency and instrument precision.

Results are reported in % w/w (raw materials) or mg/serving (finished products). Testing confirms standardized potency, supports label claims, and ensures consistency of lecithin and lipid-based supplements.

This test quantifies phosphatidylserine (PS) — a phospholipid and critical structural component of neuronal cell membranes, widely used in dietary supplements for its FDA-qualified health claim supporting cognitive function and dementia risk reduction — in raw materials, lecithin-derived extracts, and finished products using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Phosphatidylserine is typically derived from soy or sunflower lecithin and is standardized to a defined PS content (commonly 20% or higher). Accurate quantification is essential for verifying label claims, confirming the potency of standardized PS concentrates, and ensuring that the declared amount of this functional phospholipid is present in the finished product. Results are reported as a percentage or in milligrams per gram or per serving.

A representative sample is accurately weighed and extracted using an appropriate lipid extraction solvent system (e.g., chloroform/methanol or isopropanol) to isolate the phospholipid fraction. The extract is filtered and analyzed by HPLC using a normal-phase or HILIC column with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) or charged aerosol detection (CAD), which are preferred over UV detection due to the absence of a strong UV chromophore in the phosphatidylserine headgroup. Where UV detection is employed, a wavelength of 205 nm may be used to detect the unsaturated fatty acid moieties. Quantification is performed against a multi-point external calibration curve prepared from a certified phosphatidylserine reference standard. Quality control samples are run concurrently to confirm method accuracy, precision, and linearity throughout the analytical run.

Phosphatidylserine is a complex phospholipid that co-occurs with other phospholipid classes — including phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol — in lecithin-derived raw materials. HPLC with ELSD or CAD detection provides the chromatographic resolution needed to separate and specifically quantify the PS fraction from co-occurring phospholipids without the need for mass spectrometric detection, making it a practical and cost-effective method for routine quality control. This approach supports label claim substantiation, raw material qualification, and cGMP compliance under 21 CFR 111, and is consistent with the analytical requirements for products bearing FDA-qualified health claims for phosphatidylserine.

This test identifies and quantifies phospholipids in raw materials and finished dietary supplement products using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Depending on the validated assay scope and product matrix, the panel may include phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidic acid (PA), lysophospholipids, and relevant sphingolipids. Individual molecular species may also be reported according to acyl-chain composition, such as PC 16:0/18:2 or PS 18:0/22:6. The assay is particularly suited to complex lipid-containing ingredients, including soy or sunflower lecithin, egg-derived phospholipids, krill oil, marine oils, milk-derived fractions, and phospholipid-enriched blends. Results can be reported as mg/g, mg/serving, % w/w, individual phospholipid-class concentration, individual molecular-species concentration, and/or total phospholipids calculated as the sum of validated phospholipid classes.

A representative sample is accurately weighed and subjected to a validated lipid-extraction procedure using an appropriate biphasic organic-solvent system, such as a modified Folch, Bligh–Dyer, or methyl tert-butyl ether extraction. Class-appropriate stable-isotope-labeled or structurally analogous internal standards are added before extraction to monitor recovery, ionization effects, and analytical variability. The lipid extract is concentrated, reconstituted in an LC-MS-compatible solvent, and analyzed by reversed-phase or hydrophilic-interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), selected according to whether the validated method emphasizes separation by molecular species or phospholipid class. Tandem mass spectrometry is performed using validated electrospray-ionization conditions and compound-specific multiple-reaction-monitoring (MRM) or high-resolution MS/MS transitions. Analytes are identified by retention-time agreement, precursor-ion mass, characteristic fragment ions, and comparison with qualified reference standards. Quantification is based on multi-point calibration curves using certified or qualified phospholipid standards, with response correction by the corresponding internal standard where applicable. Method blanks, duplicate preparations, spike-recovery controls, calibration-verification standards, and quality-control samples are evaluated with each batch to confirm extraction efficiency, accuracy, precision, linearity, and absence of carryover or significant matrix interference.

Phospholipids are structurally diverse amphiphilic lipids that cannot be fully characterized by total phosphorus measurement or non-specific gravimetric lipid testing alone. LC-MS/MS provides molecular specificity that distinguishes phospholipid classes and individual acyl-chain species from triglycerides, sterols, glycolipids, free fatty acids, and formulation excipients. This distinction is especially important where a product claim relates to a particular phospholipid class, such as phosphatidylserine or phosphatidylcholine, or where the source and composition of a phospholipid-rich ingredient must be verified. The use of internal standards and MS/MS fragmentation improves quantitative reliability in complex matrices that may exhibit differential extraction recovery or ion-suppression effects. The assay supports incoming-material qualification, lot-to-lot consistency, label-claim substantiation, and dietary supplement cGMP quality-control requirements under 21 CFR 111.

Samples are digested using acid-based microwave or wet digestion protocols, then analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Quantification is performed using certified aluminum standards with internal standard correction and quality control spikes to ensure precision and accuracy.

Results are reported in ppm (mg/kg) or ppb depending on matrix and application. Values are assessed against regulatory thresholds (e.g., FDA, EU, Prop 65) to detect contamination and ensure product safety.

This assay tests for phthalates and phthalate substitutes—plasticizers used in packaging that can migrate into food and supplements. Some phthalates are linked to endocrine disruption and reproductive harm, and regulations restrict their use in certain products. Testing is performed in-house using GC-MS/MS to ensure accurate detection.

The specific phthalates that are covered in this panel: DMP, DEP, DAP, DIBP, DBP, DMEP, DMPP, DEEP, DPP, DHP, BBP, DBEP, DCHP, DEHP, DPhP, DNOP, DINP, DNP, DIDA, DEHT, DIDP, DINCH, and DEHA.

Samples are extracted using a solvent system optimized for phthalate recovery, followed by cleanup (e.g., solid-phase extraction) to remove interferences. The purified extract is then analyzed using triple quadrupole GC-MS/MS, with calibration against certified standards and internal quality controls to ensure accurate and reliable measurements.

Results are expressed in ppb. Lower values indicate minimal migration of phthalates, while higher levels suggest potential contamination that could impact consumer safety and product compliance.

This assay detects and quantifies pine nut protein using a specific ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). It confirms the presence or absence of pine nut contamination in food products, raw materials, or facility environments—critical for verifying “nut-free” claims and complying with allergen labeling requirements.

Samples are extracted using a validated buffer and tested with a pine nut-specific sandwich ELISA. Detection is based on antibody-antigen interaction with colorimetric readout, and results are quantified using a standard curve. Duplicate wells and positive/negative controls are included for quality assurance.

Results are reported in ppm (mg/kg) of pine nut protein. The method typically detects down to 1–5 ppm, providing sensitive detection for allergen risk assessment and label verification.

This assay quantifies piperine, the active alkaloid in black pepper and the standardized extract marketed as BioPerine. Using HPLC, it verifies piperine content in capsules, blends, and bioenhanced formulations to ensure label accuracy and consistent dosing in absorption-support products.

Samples are extracted using alcohol-based solvents under controlled conditions and analyzed by HPLC with UV detection at a compound-specific wavelength. Quantification is performed using certified piperine standards, with internal standard correction and duplicate injections to ensure precision.

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving. Values are compared to formulation targets and label claims to confirm potency and detect underdosing or ingredient substitution.

This assay detects and quantifies pistachio protein using a specific ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). It confirms the presence or absence of pistachio contamination in raw materials, finished goods, and manufacturing environments—essential for protecting consumers with tree nut allergies and validating allergen-free label claims.

Samples are extracted using a validated buffer and tested using a pistachio-specific sandwich ELISA. Colorimetric detection is used to measure antibody binding, and results are compared to a certified standard curve. Controls and duplicate wells are included to ensure precision.

Results are reported in ppm (mg/kg) of pistachio protein. Detection sensitivity typically ranges from 1–5 ppm depending on the matrix, making it suitable for both allergen screening and final product verification.

This assay quantifies total polysaccharides using UV-Visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis). The method provides a rapid and reliable measure of total carbohydrate polymers present in natural extracts and raw materials.

Samples are hydrolyzed under controlled conditions, and the resulting solution is reacted with colorimetric reagents to produce a measurable chromophore. Absorbance is read at a specific wavelength using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and concentration is determined relative to a glucose or polysaccharide standard curve.

Results are reported as % w/w (raw materials) or mg/serving (finished products). Testing confirms standardized potency, supports label claims, and ensures consistency for polysaccharide-rich ingredients such as mushrooms, algae, and plant extracts.

This assay measures potassium (K) using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The method provides accurate elemental quantification across diverse matrices and supports nutritional labeling and quality control.

Samples are digested and analyzed by ICP-MS under validated conditions. Potassium is ionized in the plasma and detected by mass spectrometry. Calibration with certified reference standards and internal controls ensures accuracy and reproducibility.

Testing verifies label claims, confirms elemental purity, and supports consistent formulation and regulatory compliance.

This assay quantifies pregnenolone, a steroidal hormone precursor involved in the biosynthesis of progesterone, estrogens, and androgens. Using HPLC, it verifies pregnenolone content in raw materials and finished products to confirm label claims, ensure potency, and detect degradation or adulteration.

Samples are extracted using organic solvents and analyzed by HPLC with UV detection at a compound-specific wavelength. Quantification is performed using certified pregnenolone reference standards, with internal standard correction and duplicate injections to ensure accuracy and reproducibility.

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving. Values are compared with label claims and formulation targets to confirm potency and support consistent dosing across production batches.

This assay quantifies benzoic acid (from sodium benzoate) and sorbic acid (from potassium sorbate), two widely used food and beverage preservatives. It uses HPLC to confirm compliance with formulation targets, regulatory limits, and “preservative-free” label claims in natural products.

Samples are extracted using aqueous or alcohol-based solvents depending on the matrix. The extract is analyzed by HPLC with UV detection at compound-specific wavelengths. Calibration with high-purity benzoic and sorbic acid standards, along with internal standard correction and duplicate runs, ensures reliable quantification.

Results are provided in ppm (mg/kg or mg/L). Values are compared against regulatory limits (e.g., FDA, EU) and declared label levels. Accurate testing supports functional food and beverage formulations while helping brands avoid overuse or undeclared preservatives in “clean label” products.

This test quantifies total proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) in botanical extracts, dietary supplements, and raw materials using UV-Vis spectrophotometry with a colorimetric derivatization method. Proanthocyanidins are oligomeric and polymeric flavanols found at high concentrations in grape seed, pine bark (Pycnogenol), cranberry, and other berry-derived extracts, and their total content is the primary potency and standardization marker for these ingredients. Results are reported as a percentage of proanthocyanidin content relative to extract weight, expressed as procyanidin equivalents, to support label claim verification and cGMP compliance.

A representative sample is weighed and extracted using a methanol or acetone-water solvent system with sonication. The extract is reacted with a chromogenic reagent — typically the DMAC (4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde) or vanillin-hydrochloric acid method — which produces a colored complex selectively with proanthocyanidins and flavan-3-ol units. Absorbance is measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometry at the appropriate wavelength (640 nm for DMAC; 500 nm for vanillin-HCl). Quantification is performed against a multi-point external calibration curve prepared from a certified procyanidin or catechin reference standard, and results are expressed as percentage proanthocyanidins relative to the initial sample weight.

Total proanthocyanidin content is the industry-standard potency marker for grape seed, pine bark, and berry-derived extracts, and its accurate measurement is essential for verifying standardization levels and substantiating label claims. UV-Vis spectrophotometry with colorimetric derivatization is the conventional and widely accepted method for total proanthocyanidin quantification, providing a practical and reproducible measure of extract potency for both raw material qualification and finished product release testing.

This test quantifies the viable count of Bacillus coagulans — a spore-forming lactic acid-producing probiotic bacterium widely used in dietary supplements and functional foods for its exceptional heat and acid stability — in finished products and raw materials using plate count enumeration. Accurate viable cell counting is essential for verifying that the declared colony-forming unit (CFU) count is present at the time of manufacture and, where applicable, at end of shelf life. Bacillus coagulans is enumerated using selective culture conditions that exploit its spore-forming characteristics, providing a species-appropriate and reproducible measure of probiotic potency. Results are reported in colony-forming units per gram (CFU/g) or per serving.

A representative sample is suspended in a sterile diluent and subjected to a controlled heat treatment step (e.g., 80°C for 10 minutes) to selectively activate Bacillus coagulans spores while eliminating non-spore-forming background organisms. Serial dilutions of the heat-treated suspension are prepared and plated onto a selective or non-selective agar medium appropriate for Bacillus coagulans growth, such as MRS agar or a nutrient agar supplemented with glucose. Plates are incubated under defined conditions of temperature and atmosphere, and colonies with morphology consistent with Bacillus coagulans are counted after the appropriate incubation period. Results are calculated from the average colony count across replicate plates at the appropriate dilution and reported as CFU per gram or per serving.

Probiotic label claims are among the most scrutinized in the dietary supplement industry, and regulatory agencies and consumers alike expect that the declared CFU count is present and viable at the point of consumption. Bacillus coagulans is a spore-forming organism, and its enumeration requires a species-appropriate heat activation step to differentiate viable spores from vegetative cells and background flora — a distinction that standard total aerobic plate count methods do not provide. Selective enumeration ensures that the reported CFU count reflects true Bacillus coagulans viability, supporting label claim accuracy, cGMP compliance under 21 CFR 111, and consumer trust in probiotic product quality.

This assay determines total protein content in food samples by measuring nitrogen content and converting it to protein using a standard conversion factor. The Dumas method is a combustion-based technique valued for its speed, accuracy, and minimal chemical waste compared to traditional methods.

Samples are combusted in an oxygen-rich environment, and the released nitrogen is measured via thermal conductivity detection. The measured nitrogen is converted to protein content using a conversion factor (typically 6.25). Calibration with certified reference materials and duplicate analyses ensure reliability.

Results are reported as grams of protein per 100 g of food. These values are used for nutritional labeling and quality control. Consistent protein levels across batches confirm that the product meets formulation specifications, while deviations may indicate processing issues.

This test quantifies total protein content in food, dietary supplement, and raw material matrices using the Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method in accordance with AOAC Official Method 981.10 (Crude Protein in Meat and Meat Products, applicable broadly to food and supplement matrices). The Kjeldahl method measures total organic nitrogen in a sample, which is converted to protein content by multiplication with an appropriate nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor (commonly 6.25 for general food proteins, or matrix-specific factors such as 5.71 for wheat, 6.38 for dairy, and others as applicable). As a reference method with a long history of regulatory acceptance, Kjeldahl protein determination is recognized by AOAC International, the FDA, and international food regulatory bodies for nutritional labeling compliance under 21 CFR 101. Results are reported as a percentage of crude protein on an as-received or dry basis.

A representative sample is accurately weighed and subjected to acid digestion in concentrated sulfuric acid in the presence of a catalyst system (e.g., copper sulfate and potassium sulfate) at elevated temperature until complete oxidation of organic matter is achieved, converting all organic nitrogen to ammonium sulfate. The digested solution is made alkaline by addition of concentrated sodium hydroxide, and the liberated ammonia is distilled by steam distillation into a receiving solution of boric acid or a standard acid solution. The captured ammonia is quantified by back-titration with a standardized hydrochloric or sulfuric acid solution to a potentiometric or colorimetric endpoint. Total nitrogen content is calculated from the titration volume and expressed as a percentage; crude protein is calculated by multiplying the nitrogen percentage by the appropriate nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor. Reagent blanks are analyzed concurrently to correct for background nitrogen.

The Kjeldahl method is the long-established reference method for total protein determination in food and dietary supplement matrices, providing a direct measurement of total organic nitrogen that is independent of protein structure, molecular weight, or amino acid composition. AOAC 981.10 is a validated, internationally recognized official method with broad regulatory acceptance for nutritional labeling compliance. While the Kjeldahl method measures total nitrogen — including non-protein nitrogen from nucleic acids, free amino acids, and other nitrogenous compounds — it remains the standard for crude protein reporting in regulatory and labeling contexts. This method supports nutritional label compliance under 21 CFR 101, raw material specification testing, and cGMP compliance under 21 CFR 111.

This test determines the protein content of a sample on a dry weight basis by combining two complementary methods: total nitrogen quantification by the Dumas combustion method (nitrogen analyzer) and moisture determination by AOAC Official Method 925.10 (Loss on Drying). The Dumas method measures total nitrogen released upon high-temperature combustion of the sample, which is converted to protein content using an appropriate nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor. The moisture content determined by AOAC 925.10 is then used to correct the protein result to a dry basis, providing a moisture-independent measure of true protein content. This is the standard approach for protein specification and label claim verification in protein powders, amino acid ingredients, and high-protein food and supplement products. Results are reported as a percentage protein on a dry weight basis.

For moisture determination (AOAC 925.10), a representative sample is accurately weighed into a pre-dried, tared dish and dried in a convection oven at 105°C until constant weight is achieved. The moisture content is calculated from the loss in weight relative to the initial sample weight. For protein determination, a separate representative sample is accurately weighed and combusted at high temperature (typically above 900°C) in a nitrogen analyzer. The nitrogen gas released is measured by thermal conductivity detection, and total nitrogen content is calculated. Protein content is derived by multiplying total nitrogen by the appropriate conversion factor (e.g., 6.25 for general food proteins, or a product-specific factor where applicable). The protein result is then corrected to a dry basis using the moisture content determined by AOAC 925.10.

Reporting protein content on a dry basis eliminates the variability introduced by moisture differences between batches and between raw materials from different suppliers, providing a standardized and comparable measure of true protein content. The Dumas combustion method is the preferred modern alternative to the Kjeldahl method for total nitrogen determination, offering faster analysis, no hazardous reagents, and equivalent accuracy. Combining Dumas nitrogen analysis with AOAC 925.10 moisture correction is the industry-standard approach for protein specification in dietary supplement and food ingredient applications, supporting accurate nutrition labeling under 21 CFR 101 and raw material qualification under 21 CFR 111.

This assay detects the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative bacterium that can indicate poor sanitation or post-processing contamination. It is considered an opportunistic pathogen and is of particular concern in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and some food products due to its ability to survive in moist environments and resist certain preservatives.

Samples are enriched in a selective broth and plated on differential agar designed to isolate P. aeruginosa. Colonies with characteristic morphology are further confirmed through biochemical or molecular identification methods.

Results are reported as Present or Not Detected. Detection of P. aeruginosa may trigger regulatory or quality concerns, especially for personal care products or RTE (ready-to-eat) foods. Absence indicates acceptable microbial quality under most manufacturing and hygiene standards.

This assay quantifies trans-pterostilbene, a methylated analog of resveratrol known for its enhanced bioavailability and antioxidant activity. Using HPLC, it verifies pterostilbene content in supplements and longevity-focused formulations to confirm label accuracy and dosing consistency.

Samples are extracted using alcohol-based solvents under light-protected conditions, then analyzed by HPLC with UV detection at a compound-specific wavelength. Quantification is performed using certified pterostilbene standards, with internal standard correction and duplicate runs to ensure precision.

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving. Values are compared to formulation targets and label claims to confirm potency and detect variability in raw material or storage stability.

This assay quantifies pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a redox cofactor used in supplements targeting brain health, energy metabolism, and anti-aging. Using LC-MS/MS, it accurately measures PQQ content in capsules, powders, and functional formulations to verify label claims and ensure bioactive potency.

Samples are extracted using aqueous or alcohol-based solvents and analyzed by LC-MS/MS with compound-specific mass transitions. Quantification is performed using certified PQQ standards with internal standard correction and duplicate injections for precision and reproducibility.

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving. Values are compared to formulation targets and declared label claims to confirm consistency and detect underdosing or degradation in stored products.

This assay quantifies quercetin, a plant-derived flavonoid commonly used in immune, allergy, and longevity supplements. Using LC-MS/MS, it measures quercetin content in capsules, powders, and botanical blends to verify label claims and support bioactive consistency across formulations.

Samples are extracted in alcohol or methanol-based solvents and analyzed by LC-MS/MS using compound-specific mass transitions. Quantification is performed with certified quercetin standards, internal standard correction, and duplicate injections to ensure accuracy and precision.

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving. Values are compared to formulation targets and label claims to confirm dosing consistency and detect degradation or adulteration.