This assay quantifies 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), the primary fatty acid unique to royal jelly. Using HPLC, it verifies 10-HDA concentration in raw royal jelly, powders, and finished products to confirm authenticity, potency, and compliance with pharmacopeial quality standards.

Samples are extracted with methanol or other suitable organic solvents and analyzed by HPLC with UV detection (typically at ~215 nm). Quantification is performed using certified 10-HDA standards, with internal standard correction and duplicate injections to ensure accuracy and reproducibility.

Results are reported in mg/g or % w/w of 10-HDA. Values are compared against specification targets (e.g., ≥1.4% 10-HDA in fresh royal jelly) and label claims to confirm product authenticity, detect adulteration, and verify consistency across batches.

This test quantifies 1,3-butanediol (butylene glycol) in supplements, beverages, and raw materials to verify ingredient identity and dosage accuracy. Using Liquid Chromatography coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), the method achieves sensitive detection down to low microgram per milliliter levels, even in complex matrices. Accurate measurement ensures product quality and compliance with formulation specifications.

Samples are diluted with aqueous methanol and filtered prior to analysis. The LC-MS/MS system operates in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, targeting specific ion transitions characteristic of 1,3-butanediol. Quantification is performed using a calibration curve constructed from certified reference standards over a relevant concentration range. Internal standards are added to correct for matrix effects and instrument variability. Method precision and accuracy are verified through duplicate injections, quality control samples, and spike recovery experiments.

Results are reported in mg/mL (liquids), mg/g (solids), or mg/serving for finished products. Testing verifies label claims, supports formulation development, and ensures batch-to-batch consistency.

This assay quantifies 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), a chlorinated phenoxy herbicide widely used in crop and turf management. Monitoring 2,4-D ensures compliance with EPA, FDA, and international residue limits.

Samples are extracted and analyzed using validated chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods appropriate to the matrix type. Internal standards and calibration curves ensure accurate quantitation and reproducibility.

Results are reported in µg/kg (solids) or µg/L (liquids). Testing verifies regulatory compliance, detects environmental contamination, and ensures safety of consumable products.

This test quantifies 3’,3’-Diindolylmethane (DIM), a bioactive compound derived from indole-3-carbinol, important for assessing product potency and quality. The HPLC method accurately measures DIM levels in raw materials, powders, and finished dietary supplements. Results are reported in mg per gram or per serving, with a detection limit suitable for low-level quantification.

Samples are prepared by extracting 0.5 g of material with methanol using sonication for 30 minutes, followed by filtration. The extract is analyzed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography equipped with a UV detector set at 280 nm. DIM is separated on a C18 reversed-phase column with a gradient mobile phase of water and acetonitrile. Quantification is performed against a certified DIM reference standard using a five-point calibration curve. Method accuracy is verified through duplicate injections, spiked recovery tests, and analysis of quality control samples.

Results are reported in mg/g (raw material) or mg/serving (finished products). Testing verifies standardized potency, supports label claims, and ensures consistency in botanical and nutraceutical formulations.

This assay quantifies 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), a serotonin precursor derived from griffonia seed extract, in dietary supplements. Using HPLC, it verifies the concentration of 5-HTP to confirm label claims and ensure consistent dosing in mood and relaxation products.

Samples are extracted in an acidified aqueous solution, then analyzed by HPLC with UV detection at a compound-specific wavelength. Quantification is performed using certified 5-HTP standards, with internal standard correction and duplicate runs to ensure accuracy.

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving. Values are assessed against formulation targets and label declarations to ensure potency, quality, and stability throughout shelf life.

This assay measures 7,8-dihydroxyflavone, a flavonoid compound, using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The analysis provides accurate and selective quantification for quality control and standardization.

Samples are extracted and analyzed under validated HPLC chromatographic conditions. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone is separated from related flavonoids and detected via UV or diode-array detection. Quantitation is performed using certified reference standards with calibration curves and replicate injections ensuring accuracy and reproducibility.

Testing verifies standardized potency, confirms label claims, and ensures batch-to-batch consistency.

This assay quantifies acetic acid using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The method provides accurate, selective determination of volatile organic acids across diverse matrices such as vinegar, kombucha, and fermented products.

Samples are filtered and injected into an HPLC system equipped with an organic acid or reverse-phase column. Acetic acid is separated and detected by UV or refractive index (RI) detection, quantified against certified reference standards. Duplicate runs and calibration curves ensure precision and reproducibility.

Results are reported in mg/mL (liquids) or mg/g (solids). Testing verifies fermentation quality, confirms product specifications, and ensures consistency across production batches.

This test determines the acid value of oils, fats, and fat-containing dietary supplement ingredients using the official AOCS Ca 5a-40 titration method. The acid value is a direct measure of the free fatty acid (FFA) content present in a lipid sample and is a primary indicator of oil quality, freshness, and degree of hydrolytic degradation. Elevated acid values indicate hydrolytic rancidity, improper storage, or poor raw material quality. Results are reported in mg KOH/g of sample and are used for raw material qualification, shelf-life assessment, and compliance with product specifications.

A representative sample of known weight is dissolved in a neutralized ethanol-diethyl ether solvent mixture. The solution is titrated with a standardized potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution in the presence of a phenolphthalein indicator until a persistent pink endpoint is reached. The acid value is calculated from the volume of KOH consumed relative to the sample weight, expressed as mg KOH per gram of sample, per the AOCS Ca 5a-40 official method. Blank titrations are run concurrently to correct for any acidity in the solvent system.

Acid value is one of the most fundamental quality parameters for lipid-based ingredients and is required by most raw material specifications for fish oils, MCT oils, seed oils, and fat-soluble vitamin carriers. An out-of-specification acid value is a reliable early indicator of hydrolytic rancidity and can predict downstream quality issues including off-flavors, reduced potency of co-formulated actives, and consumer safety concerns. AOCS Ca 5a-40 is the globally recognized official method for this determination, ensuring results are comparable across suppliers, labs, and regulatory frameworks.

This assay measures acrylamide—a heat-induced contaminant formed when sugars and amino acids react during high-temperature processing such as frying, baking, or roasting. It employs LC‑MS/MS to achieve high sensitivity, enabling detection in the low ppb range. The validated protocol ensures that extraction, cleanup, and detection overcome complex food matrix interferences, helping manufacturers optimize processing conditions to minimize acrylamide formation.

Food samples are homogenized and extracted with a solvent optimized for acrylamide recovery. After cleanup via solid-phase extraction, the extract is analyzed by LC‑MS/MS where liquid chromatography separates acrylamide and tandem mass spectrometry quantifies it using characteristic mass transitions. Calibration with certified standards and internal controls is used to ensure accuracy and reproducibility.

Results are reported as a numerical concentration (ppb or µg/kg). Lower values indicate minimal acrylamide formation, while higher readings signal potential process issues that may require adjustment. The data allow for batch-to-batch comparison and process optimization.

This test simultaneously detects and quantifies four aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, and G2) and ochratoxin A in dietary supplements, botanical raw materials, grains, and food products using Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Aflatoxins are potent hepatotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus species, with aflatoxin B1 classified as a Group 1 human carcinogen by the IARC. Ochratoxin A, produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium species, is a nephrotoxic mycotoxin with probable carcinogenic activity. This combined panel provides comprehensive mycotoxin screening against regulatory limits set by the FDA, EU, and USP <2023>. Results are reported in µg/kg (ppb).

A representative sample is homogenized and extracted using an acetonitrile-water or methanol-water solvent system, followed by a cleanup step using immunoaffinity columns (IAC) or dispersive solid-phase extraction (dSPE) to remove co-extractives and concentrate the mycotoxin fraction. The purified extract is injected onto a reversed-phase C18 HPLC column coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operating in positive ionization Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode. Specific precursor-to-product ion transitions are monitored for each of the five mycotoxins simultaneously. Quantification is performed against a multi-point calibration curve prepared from certified mycotoxin reference standards, with stable isotope-labeled internal standards used for each analyte to correct for matrix effects and ensure accurate recovery. The method is validated across relevant food and botanical matrices.

Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A are among the most regulated and toxicologically significant mycotoxins in the dietary supplement and food industries, and their simultaneous detection in a single LC-MS/MS run provides both analytical efficiency and comprehensive coverage of the most critical mycotoxin risk profile. LC-MS/MS is the gold standard for mycotoxin analysis, offering the sensitivity to detect analytes at sub-ppb levels and the specificity to confirm identity through dual MRM transitions — meeting the evidentiary requirements of FDA, EU Regulation 1881/2006, and USP <2023> for mycotoxin control in herbal and dietary supplement ingredients.

This assay quantifies agmatine sulfate, a metabolite of arginine commonly used in pre-workout and neuro-support supplements. Using LC-MS/MS, it verifies agmatine content to ensure correct dosing, label accuracy, and formulation integrity in sports and cognitive performance products.

Samples are extracted in aqueous or acidified solution and analyzed by LC-MS/MS using compound-specific mass transitions. Quantification is performed with certified agmatine standards, internal standard correction, and duplicate injections to ensure precision.

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving. Values are compared to formulation targets and declared label claims. Testing ensures proper inclusion and helps detect underdosing or degradation during manufacturing or storage.

This test quantifies alliin (S-allyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide) — the principal sulfur-containing amino acid derivative and primary bioactive precursor compound in garlic (Allium sativum L.) — in raw materials, garlic powders, aged garlic extracts, and dietary supplements using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Alliin is the stable, odorless precursor to allicin (diallyl thiosulfinate), which is enzymatically generated from alliin by the enzyme alliinase upon cell disruption. Alliin content is the primary standardization marker for garlic powder and extract ingredients, as it directly determines the allicin-generating potential (allicin yield) of the material. Accurate alliin quantification is essential for label claim substantiation, raw material qualification, and for predicting the allicin release capacity of garlic-based products. Results are reported as a percentage or in milligrams per gram or per serving.

A representative sample is accurately weighed and immediately dissolved in an appropriate acidic aqueous solvent (e.g., dilute hydrochloric acid or acidified methanol) to inhibit alliinase enzyme activity and prevent enzymatic conversion of alliin to allicin during sample preparation. The extract is filtered and analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC on a C18 column with UV detection at 210 nm, as alliin lacks a strong chromophore at higher UV wavelengths and is best detected at low UV wavelengths where the sulfoxide functional group and amino acid backbone provide adequate absorbance. Quantification is performed against a multi-point external calibration curve prepared from a certified alliin reference standard. Where applicable, related organosulfur compounds — including S-allylcysteine (SAC), S-methylcysteine sulfoxide, and γ-glutamyl-S-allylcysteine — may be monitored simultaneously to provide a broader organosulfur profile. Quality control samples are run concurrently to confirm method accuracy, precision, and linearity throughout the analytical run.

Accurate alliin quantification requires careful control of sample preparation conditions to prevent enzymatic conversion of alliin to allicin by endogenous alliinase, which is rapidly activated upon cell disruption and aqueous contact. Acidification of the extraction solvent effectively inhibits alliinase activity, ensuring that alliin is measured in its intact precursor form. HPLC with UV detection at 210 nm provides the sensitivity required for alliin quantification in the absence of a strong chromophore, with chromatographic separation resolving alliin from co-occurring organosulfur amino acids and matrix components. Alliin content is the internationally recognized potency specification for garlic powder and extract ingredients, referenced in the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) monograph for garlic powder, and supports label claim substantiation and cGMP compliance under 21 CFR 111.

This assay measures allulose (D-psicose), a rare monosaccharide used as a low-calorie sweetener, using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method provides high specificity and sensitivity for accurate quantification in complex food and supplement matrices.

This assay measures allulose (D-psicose), a rare monosaccharide used as a low-calorie sweetener, using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method provides high specificity and sensitivity for accurate quantification in complex food and supplement matrices.

Samples are extracted and analyzed under validated LC-MS/MS chromatographic conditions. Allulose is detected using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) and quantified against certified reference standards. Internal calibration and quality control checks ensure precision and reproducibility.

This assay detects and quantifies almond protein using a highly specific ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). It confirms the presence or absence of almond contamination in raw materials, finished products, and manufacturing environments—critical for validating allergen-free claims and complying with FDA labeling regulations.

Samples are extracted and tested using a sandwich ELISA kit validated for almond protein. The assay uses antibody-antigen binding with colorimetric detection, and results are compared to a calibrated standard curve. Duplicate wells and positive/negative controls ensure result accuracy and reproducibility.

Results are reported in ppm (mg/kg) of almond protein. The test detects trace levels of contamination, typically as low as 2–5 ppm depending on the matrix, helping manufacturers avoid undeclared allergens and protect consumers with nut allergies.

This assay quantifies aloin, a naturally occurring anthraquinone glycoside found in Aloe vera latex. Aloin levels are regulated due to its laxative properties and potential safety concerns at high concentrations.

Samples are extracted and analyzed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection. Aloin A and B are separated, detected, and quantified against certified standards. Method validation includes calibration curves and quality control checks.

Results are reported in ppm (mg/kg) for raw materials or mg/serving for finished products. Monitoring aloin ensures compliance with safety guidelines (e.g., USP/EFSA limits), verifies raw material purity, and supports accurate labeling.

This assay quantifies Alpha-GPC (Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine), a highly bioavailable choline donor used in nootropic and cognitive health supplements. Using LC-MS/MS, it verifies Alpha-GPC content in capsules, powders, and functional blends to confirm potency and ensure label compliance.

Samples are extracted using aqueous or methanolic solvents and analyzed by LC-MS/MS using compound-specific mass transitions. Quantification is performed using certified Alpha-GPC standards, with internal standard correction and duplicate injections to ensure precision and reproducibility.

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving. Values are compared to formulation targets and label claims to confirm dosing accuracy and detect degradation or adulteration.

This assay quantifies aluminum, a common environmental and manufacturing contaminant, in food, supplements, and cosmetic products. Using ICP-MS, it provides highly sensitive detection of aluminum to support regulatory compliance, raw material quality control, and consumer safety.

Samples are digested using acid-based microwave or wet digestion protocols, then analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Quantification is performed using certified aluminum standards with internal standard correction and quality control spikes to ensure precision and accuracy.

Results are reported in ppm (mg/kg) or ppb depending on matrix and application. Values are assessed against regulatory thresholds (e.g., FDA, EU, Prop 65) to detect contamination and ensure product safety.

This LC-MS/MS panel detects prescription erectile dysfunction drugs and their analogs that are frequently found in adulterated male enhancement products. These compounds pose serious health risks and are strictly prohibited in dietary supplements sold on Amazon or in the U.S. market.

Samples are extracted in organic solvent and analyzed by LC-MS/MS using compound-specific mass transitions. Quantification is performed using certified pharmaceutical standards, with internal standard correction and duplicate injections to ensure accurate, trace-level detection.

Results are reported as detected/not detected, with optional quantification in ng/g or ppm. This panel protects consumers and ensures products comply with Amazon and FDA regulations by identifying illegal PDE5 inhibitors or unapproved analogs.

This targeted panel detects the presence of undeclared or prohibited substances often found in adulterated sports supplements. Using LC-MS/MS, it screens for anabolic agents, stimulants, and weight-loss drugs at trace levels to ensure compliance with Amazon’s dietary supplement requirements and FDA safety standards.

Samples are extracted and analyzed using high-resolution LC-MS/MS with compound-specific mass transitions and retention times. Quantification and detection are validated using certified reference materials and internal standards. The method is sensitive to low parts-per-billion (ppb) levels and is run with duplicate injections and quality controls to ensure defensibility.

Results are reported as detected/not detected, with optional quantification in ng/g or ppb. The panel confirms the absence of illegal or undeclared compounds that could result in product delisting or regulatory action. Ideal for pre-market screening, ongoing batch verification, or audit prep for Amazon listing compliance.

This LC-MS/MS panel detects undeclared and prohibited pharmaceutical compounds commonly found in adulterated weight loss products. It targets banned substances that have been flagged by the FDA and Amazon due to serious health risks, including sibutramine and its metabolites, stimulant adulterants, and prescription drugs misused in slimming formulations.

Samples are extracted in methanol or aqueous solvents and analyzed by LC-MS/MS using compound-specific mass transitions. Quantification is performed using certified reference standards for each compound, with internal standard correction and duplicate injections to ensure sensitivity and accuracy at trace levels.

Results are reported in ng/g or detected/not detected format. The panel ensures compliance with Amazon’s dietary supplement listing policies and FDA safety guidelines, helping brands avoid product delisting, consumer harm, or regulatory action.

This assay determines the complete profile of individual amino acids present in a food sample following protein hydrolysis. The process breaks down proteins into their constituent amino acids, which are then separated and quantified. This profile is essential for evaluating nutritional quality and verifying that the amino acid composition meets product specifications.

The sample is hydrolyzed using acid (and optionally enzymatic pre-treatment) to release amino acids. After derivatization to enhance detection, the amino acids are separated by HPLC or ion-exchange chromatography and quantified against known standards. Internal standards and duplicate runs provide correction for recovery and ensure method precision.

Results are reported as mg per 100 g or as a percentage of total protein. Each amino acid’s value is compared against nutritional requirements or target formulation standards. Deviations (e.g., low lysine) may indicate processing losses or protein damage and prompt further investigation.

This test quantifies the total viable anaerobic microbial population in dietary supplements, botanical raw materials, and food ingredients using the culture-based enumeration methods described in USP <2021> (Microbial Enumeration Tests). Anaerobic organisms, including spore-forming bacteria such as Clostridium species, are not detected by standard aerobic plate count (TPC) methods and require dedicated anaerobic incubation conditions to enumerate. This test provides a quantitative count of viable anaerobic bacteria, reported as colony-forming units per gram (CFU/g), and is used for raw material qualification, finished product release testing, and compliance with microbial limits specifications.

A representative sample is prepared by homogenization in a buffered diluent and serially diluted under conditions that minimize oxygen exposure. Dilutions are plated onto non-selective nutrient agar using pour plate or spread plate technique and incubated under strict anaerobic conditions — using an anaerobic chamber or gas-generating anaerobic jars — at 30–35°C for a minimum of 48–72 hours, per USP <2021> specifications. Following incubation, colonies are counted and the anaerobic viable count is calculated and expressed as CFU/g. Results are evaluated against the applicable microbial limits for the product category per USP <2021> or the customer's specification.

Standard aerobic total plate count methods will not detect obligate anaerobic organisms, which can include pathogenic spore-forming bacteria such as Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium botulinum. These organisms are a known risk in soil-associated botanical ingredients, animal-derived proteins, and fermentation-derived raw materials. A dedicated anaerobic viable count per USP <2021> provides the additional layer of microbial safety assurance required for high-risk matrices and for brands seeking comprehensive microbial characterization beyond standard aerobic testing panels.

This test quantifies total anthocyanidins — the aglycone forms of anthocyanins responsible for the characteristic deep blue-purple pigmentation and antioxidant activity of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum and related species) — in blueberry extracts, raw materials, and dietary supplements using UV-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectrophotometry. Anthocyanidins are widely recognized for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties, and total anthocyanidin content is a key potency marker used to standardize blueberry extracts. UV-Vis provides a rapid, cost-effective method for total anthocyanidin quantification appropriate for raw material screening and quality control. Results are reported as a percentage or in milligrams per gram, typically expressed as cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents.

A representative sample is accurately weighed and extracted using acidified aqueous methanol or ethanol (e.g., 1% HCl in methanol) to ensure complete extraction and stabilization of the pH-sensitive anthocyanidin pigments. The extract is filtered and its absorbance is measured spectrophotometrically at the characteristic anthocyanidin absorption maximum of approximately 520–535 nm against a solvent blank. Total anthocyanidin concentration is calculated using the Beer-Lambert law with the molar extinction coefficient of the reference anthocyanidin (typically cyanidin-3-glucoside), or by comparison to a multi-point calibration curve prepared from a certified reference standard. All measurements are performed in triplicate and averaged for final quantification.

Total anthocyanidin content by UV-Vis is the standard quality control method for blueberry and berry-derived extracts, providing a rapid and accessible measure of pigment potency that is well correlated with antioxidant activity. While UV-Vis does not resolve individual anthocyanidin species, it is appropriate for standardized blueberry extracts where the anthocyanin profile is well characterized and total pigment content is the primary specification parameter. This method supports efficient raw material screening and supplier qualification, with HPLC available as a complementary method when individual anthocyanidin profiling is required.

This assay quantifies antimony (Sb) using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). ICP-MS provides highly sensitive, multi-element analysis, allowing accurate detection of antimony at trace levels.

Samples are digested and introduced into an ICP-MS instrument, where antimony atoms are ionized in plasma and detected by mass spectrometry. Calibration with certified reference standards and quality control samples ensures precision and reproducibility.

Results are reported in parts per million (ppm) or parts per billion (ppb), and may be converted to µg/serving for finished products. Testing verifies compliance with safety regulations, identifies potential contamination, and ensures accurate labeling.

This assay quantifies apigenin, a naturally occurring flavonoid found in chamomile, parsley, and citrus plants. Using LC-MS/MS, it verifies apigenin content in supplements, teas, and botanical blends to confirm label claims and ensure consistent dosing in formulations targeting mood, inflammation, and longevity.

Samples are extracted using alcohol or aqueous solvents depending on the matrix, then analyzed by LC-MS/MS using compound-specific mass transitions. Quantification is performed using certified apigenin standards with internal standard correction and duplicate injections for precision.

Results are reported in mg per g or per serving. Values are compared to formulation targets and declared label claims to confirm active compound presence and detect variability across batches.